Skin cancer screening involves a thorough examination of the skin by a dermatologist or healthcare provider to identify suspicious growths, changes in existing moles, or new lesions that may indicate cancer. The process is quick, non-invasive, and painless, making it an essential part of routine health care, especially for those at higher risk of developing skin cancer.

Actinic Keratoses (Pre-Cancerous Lesions)

Actinic keratoses (AKs) are rough, scaly patches that develop due to prolonged sun exposure. While not cancerous, AKs can progress into Squamous Cell Carcinoma if left untreated. Identifying and treating these lesions early can prevent skin cancer development.

Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC)

Basal Cell Carcinoma is the most common type of skin cancer. It typically appears as a pearly or waxy bump, a sore that doesn’t heal, or a flat, flesh-colored lesion. BCC grows slowly and rarely spreads, but early treatment is essential to prevent deeper tissue damage.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)

Squamous Cell Carcinoma is a more aggressive form of skin cancer that may appear as a red, scaly patch, an open sore, or a wart-like growth. If left untreated, SCC can invade deeper layers of the skin and spread to other parts of the body.

Melanoma

Melanoma is the most dangerous form of skin cancer, developing in pigment-producing cells (melanocytes). It often appears as an irregularly shaped mole with uneven borders and multiple colors. Melanoma can spread rapidly to other organs, making early detection and treatment critical.

Anyone can develop skin cancer, but certain individuals are at higher risk and should undergo regular screenings, including those who:

• Have fair skin, light hair, or light-colored eyes
• Have a history of frequent sun exposure or sunburns
• Use tanning beds
• Have a family or personal history of skin cancer
• Have numerous moles or irregular moles
• Are over the age of 50

During a screening, the dermatologist will:

1. Examine your skin from head to toe, looking for suspicious spots, moles, or lesions.
2. Assess any existing moles for changes in shape, color, or size.
3. Use a dermatoscope (a special magnifying tool) to examine certain lesions in greater detail.
4. If necessary, perform a biopsy by removing a small sample of skin for further testing.

In addition to regular screenings, individuals can take proactive steps to reduce their risk of skin cancer:

• Use Sunscreen: Apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher daily.
• Avoid Tanning Beds: Artificial UV exposure significantly increases skin cancer risk.
• Wear Protective Clothing: Hats, sunglasses, and long sleeves provide additional protection.
• Perform Self-Exams: Regularly check your skin for new or changing spots and report any concerns to a dermatologist.